淺談自貢彩燈中的立體造型工藝和燈箱式造型工藝

發布日(ri)期：2022/7/24 / 編(bian)輯：自貢尚美彩燈 / 閱讀：人次

自(zi)(zi)貢彩燈(deng)的(de)(de)(de)造型技術(shu)無(wu)疑是(shi)(shi)頂級的(de)(de)(de)，是(shi)(shi)整個彩燈(deng)行業的(de)(de)(de)核心競爭(zheng)力，沒(mei)有超高的(de)(de)(de)彩燈(deng)造型技藝，自(zi)(zi)貢彩燈(deng)不可能閃耀全世界(jie)，成為行業的(de)(de)(de)一朵絢麗奇葩。

說到自貢(gong)彩(cai)燈的造型工藝(yi)，大致可(ke)以(yi)分為兩種：立體造型工藝(yi)和(he)平面燈箱式造型工藝(yi)。

1、彩燈立體造型工藝。自貢彩燈的立體造型工藝，就是彩燈美術工藝師通過1：1的比例將需要立體制作的彩燈側面放樣到地面或者噴布上，彩燈立體造型師傅通過自身的豐富造型經驗，將平面轉化成立體，最終呈現出像雕塑一般的立體彩燈鐵絲骨架。它是3D的立體效果展現，是多維空間的創作呈現。在如今的自貢彩燈產業化發展過程中，自貢彩燈的立體造型分工越來越明確，甚至已經出現專門從事彩燈立體造型的團隊，他們游走于自貢彩燈公司之間，承接各個項目的(de)立體造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)部分(fen)(fen)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，做完就輾轉下一(yi)處繼(ji)續從(cong)事立體造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。所以(yi)，相(xiang)對于彩(cai)(cai)燈(deng)(deng)制(zhi)作(zuo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)來(lai)說，鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)就分(fen)(fen)為了(le)普通鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)能做普通鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝，但普通鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)很(hen)少能做造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。當然，造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資待遇(yu)(yu)遠遠高于普通鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資待遇(yu)(yu)，甚(shen)至有(you)時(shi)候高出普通鉗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)一(yi)倍的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資。因為有(you)了(le)彩(cai)(cai)燈(deng)(deng)的(de)高超(chao)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)技術，自貢(gong)彩(cai)(cai)燈(deng)(deng)才顯得那么耀眼和獨特，它是自貢(gong)彩(cai)(cai)燈(deng)(deng)的(de)精髓，也(ye)是自貢(gong)彩(cai)(cai)燈(deng)(deng)非物質(zhi)文化(hua)傳承的(de)核心。

采(cai)用平(ping)面燈箱(xiang)式造型的(de)彩燈

2、彩燈燈箱式造型工藝。顧名思義，燈箱式，就是平面的燈箱，用自貢彩燈的(de)(de)(de)(de)行業(ye)術語來說就(jiu)(jiu)是簡單的(de)(de)(de)(de)分色裱糊，幾乎(hu)與造型無關，無非就(jiu)(jiu)是普(pu)通(tong)鉗(qian)工(gong)沿著彩(cai)(cai)燈美工(gong)師傅勾(gou)勒的(de)(de)(de)(de)線條(tiao)焊接而成(cheng)(cheng)。但普(pu)通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鉗(qian)工(gong)也得有較(jiao)為(wei)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)彩(cai)(cai)燈制作經驗(yan)才(cai)能做出漂亮的(de)(de)(de)(de)燈箱式彩(cai)(cai)燈。因為(wei)彩(cai)(cai)燈制作多(duo)個工(gong)種(zhong)相互配合完成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)藝術呈現(xian)，任(ren)何工(gong)序都必(bi)須前(qian)后(hou)銜接，任(ren)何線條(tiao)都不是隨意焊接就(jiu)(jiu)能完事的(de)(de)(de)(de)，需(xu)要(yao)考慮(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內部(bu)骨架的(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構(gou)、受(shou)(shou)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加固、電(dian)工(gong)布(bu)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)合理性、分色線的(de)(de)(de)(de)明確(que)、安(an)裝困扎受(shou)(shou)力(li)點等等。

彩燈(deng)的(de)立(li)體(ti)造型(xing)相對(dui)于平面燈(deng)箱式(shi)造型(xing)在大(da)多數情況下耗費的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)更(geng)(geng)(geng)多，對(dui)彩燈(deng)技(ji)術人員(yuan)的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)作技(ji)藝(yi)(yi)要(yao)求更(geng)(geng)(geng)高，也對(dui)后期的(de)立(li)體(ti)裱糊增加了更(geng)(geng)(geng)多的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)。所以，同一組彩燈(deng)設(she)計(ji)稿，采(cai)用不(bu)同的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作，工(gong)(gong)(gong)期不(bu)一樣、成本造價不(bu)一樣。但從視覺感受來說，采(cai)用立(li)體(ti)造型(xing)制(zhi)(zhi)作的(de)彩燈(deng)并非比采(cai)用燈(deng)箱式(shi)造型(xing)制(zhi)(zhi)作的(de)彩燈(deng)觀賞(shang)性更(geng)(geng)(geng)差，有時(shi)(shi)候彩燈(deng)的(de)制(zhi)(zhi)作工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)選(xuan)擇要(yao)結合圖形的(de)具體(ti)情況、工(gong)(gong)(gong)期情況、擺放環境等來作為參考。

這就是自貢彩燈的立體造(zao)型工(gong)藝(yi)和燈箱(xiang)式(shi)造(zao)型工(gong)藝(yi)的區別，若有不妥，敬請指(zhi)正，歡迎交流。

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文章關鍵詞：自貢彩燈,立體造型,燈箱式造型
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